Water-closet



2 Sheets-Sheetl.

(No Model.)

H. W. M WATBRV WATER GLOSET..

Patented Jam.` s, 188'2.

. l 0 o o o0 (No Model.) 2 sheets-sheet 2.

' H. W. ATWATBR WATER GLosBT.

Patented Jan. 3,1882.

N. PETERS, Pbotu-Llmngrupher, wnshmgtan. D. c.

UNITED STATES- PATENT OFFICE.

H. WILLIAM ATWATER, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 251,813, dated Janna-y e, 1882. Application filed June 3D, 1880. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern i i Be it known that I, H. WILLIAM ATWATER, ofBoston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, haveinvented certain Improvements in Water-Closets, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a vertical section of a water-closet embodyingmy invention. Fig. 2 is a side view, partly in section, on a small scale. Fig. 3 isa front elevation of the lower part of the closet. Fig. 4 is a section on line .fn w of Fig. 1.

In my Patent No. 214,984, dated May 6, 1879, I have described an attachment for use with ordinary water closets, and that attachment forms a part of the improved water closet shown in the drawings.

The main object of my present invention is to construct a water-closet which will not only operate properly, so far as concerns carrying oft' the excrement, but will also eti'ectually prevent gases escaping houseward from the sewer or'soil pipe; and my invention consists in the combination, in a Water-closet, of a gate or valve to close the discharge-oriice of the bowl,this gate or valve being self-acting when its retaining-stop `is withdrawn, and a second gate or valve to close the discharge-orifice of the overtiow-pipeleading from the bowl, the first valve serving to hold the Water in the bowl, and both valves opening toward the sewer and serving to prevent gas from passing houseward.

In the drawings, A is the bowl, well-known without description. It is supportedin Casin g B, and casing B is' connected with plate cl, which forms a cover to casing d', and casing d rests upon plate d2, the two plates cl cl2 bee ing held together as shown, and the chamber thus formed contains the valve d3. The soilppe F is connected to plate d2. The valve d3 closes the discharge-milice a and holds the water inthe bowl up to the level a when the rod G is down, so that no gas can escape houseward through oritice a.

In closets of this class-that is, where the orifice a is closed by a valve held in place until the contents of thebowl are to be dischargedan overflow, a2, is a necessity, and this overflow (see Fig. 2) I also close with a valve, a, opening toward the sewer, so that the gases are effectually prevented from entering vthe bowl A.

The details of construction of the valve a3 and its adjuncts are fully shown in my Patent No.

214,985, dated May 6, 1879.

After the closet has been used the valve d3.

is opened wide, and at the same time the water-supply valve (not shown) is opened, the

contents of the bowl A escaping through soilpipe F, and fresh water flowing into the bowl in the usual way, so that when valve d3 and the water-supply valve are both closed a sufticient supply of fresh water will enter the bowl to bring the water-level up to the line a', the surplus, if any, escaping by the overflow c2.

The main feature of my invention consists in he construct-ion and mode of operation of the valve d3. In my closet valve d3 is balanced upon its lever d4, so that the pressure of the lever upon it is all exerted near its center, and the rod G serves only as a stop to lever d4, reenforcing the counter-weight d5, which counter-weight d5 is suicient to close the valve cl3, but not sui'licient to hold it against the head of water in bowl A. These two features (the bal- -ancing ot' the valve upon its lever and the use ofthe rod G as a stop only) are important parts of my invention. The button d6 may be fast to valve d3 and connected to lever d* by a pin which tits loosely in the hole through the rib of the button, but in practice I prefer to have the button d6 disconnected from the valve d3 and to form a neck, 17, upon one edge of the valve, this neck having an eye through which the pin dH,Which-foru1s thejournal of lever d4, passes, the pin d8 tting loosely in the eye ot' neck d". A light leatsprin g, (19, upon the valve is useful, as it not only aids the counter-weight d5 to return valve d3 quickly to its seat, but also prevents the escape of Water, Snc., toward the pin d8. A rubber ring, d, shaped as shown, forms the seat of valve d3.

The rod G has a foot, g, which acts as astop to lever d, and its weight g aids the counterweight d5 in holding valve dion its seat against the head of water in bowl A, the couuter Weight d5 being only heavy enough to return valve d3 to its seat, but the weight g being sufciently heavy to hold it firmly to its seat against the head of water in bowl A. When the rod G is raised, after the closet has been used, the water, Sto., in bowl Aescapes all at IOO once, the valve d3 opening freely, as it is held only by the counter-weight d5. This valve then closes (for the foot gis ont ofthe way of the end of lever d4) so far as the gradual iiow of water through the bowl A allows, and remains nearly closed all the time that the rod G is held up after the tirst sudden discharge ofthe contents of bowl A. As the chamber formed by d d d2 is full of sewer-gases thel rod G should be properly packed where it passes through plate d. This is well effected by the rubber disks g2 g3, the upper one, g2, being compressed between collars g4 and g5 when the rod G is down, and the lower one, g3, between foot g and collar gG when rod G is lifted. Rod G is lifted by eh ain g", which is attached to the hande by which the water-supply valve is actuated. It is obvious that other devices may bensed for actuating rod G. In practice I have found that shown to act well.

The casing d is best made with an opening in front closed gas-tight by a plate, as shown in Fig. 3, which is a front elevation of the casing d' and its adjuncts, and in Fig/1, which is a section on line x x of Fig. l. The chamber d, projecting upward from plate d2, is also best made with the front portion, du, detachable, as shown in Figs. 1r and 4. When these parts are thus made the valve d3 is readily got at in case of any obstruction.

What I claim as my invention is- I 1. In a water-closet, an outlet-valve counterbalanced to close the outlet when the bowl is empty and to open it when the bowl is filled to a designated depth, in combination with a weighted stop, g, which, when raised, leaves the outlet-valve free to act and when lowered prevents the outlet-valve from opening, substantially as described.

2. In a water-closet, the combination ot a bowl having an outlet-valve which is self-acting when its retaining-stop is withdrawn with an overflow-pipe and its outwardly-opening valve, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

H. WILLIAM ATVATER.

Witnesses:

J. E. MAYNADIER, J. It. SNOW. 

